Biography of Moses

Moses – the great liberator and lawgiver of the Jewish people, who lived in the late XVI and early XV century. BC Chr. His name (Hebrews Moses), he (according to the explanation of Exodus. II, 10) has had saved and reared by his Egyptian princess, the daughter of Pharaoh, it means "taken out of the water." Egyptology, however, is not able to accurately determine the origin of the name and oscillates between "mo" (water) and "udshe" (salvation) or mu shi (taken from the water), and the Egyptian Meza – child, a son. That and other production is consistent with this biblical story, in which the child is born to Amram and Ichabod, referring to the Pharaoh orders the massacre of all Jewish male babies, the mother was placed in a tarred basket and lowered into the reeds on the Nile, where it was found had come swim daughter of Pharaoh, and she took him in and gave him an excellent education. This kind Termutis princess was the daughter of Ramses II, or, on another assumption. Hatasu, daughter Totmesa I, later a famous independent ruler of Egypt from the XVIII dynasty. M. was dedicated "in the wisdom of Egypt", ie, all the secrets of the religious and political outlook of Egypt. Tradition tells us that he led the Egyptian army, made a brilliant campaign in Ethiopia and married to an Ethiopian princess Farbis. The Bible knows only that M., deeply sorry state of slavery of his people, once in a fit of rage, killed an Egyptian guard, being abused by the Jewish workers, and, fearing punishment, fled to the Sinai Peninsula, where the deaf gorge and valley held in pastoral life of forty years (Ex. II, et seq.). There, at Mount Horeb, he was a bush fire protection received a divine call to liberate his people and returned to the banks of the Nile, together with his brother Aaron petitioned the Pharaoh to release the Jews from Egypt. Perseverance Pharaoh exposed the horrors of the country ten so-called plagues: 1) the waters of the Nile into blood, and 2) the invasion of toads, 3) midges, 4), swarms of flies, 5) sea animals, 6) disease in humans and cattle, expressed in inflammatory ulcers; 7) hail and fire mingled with the hail; locusts; 9) darkness, 10) death in the family of the Egyptian first-born and all the firstborn of cattle. The Jews celebrate Passover, we set out, miraculously crossed the Red Sea and, having reached the Sinai, received a complete reorganization of the religious and moral and political terms. Mosaic law, and especially famous "ten commandments" formed the basis of the moral code of human culture. Ensuing 40letnee wandering through the Sinai desert was associated with MS for many adversities. He died on the border of the Promised Land, in which he was not destined to enter. M. left a great literary heritage in the form of the first five books of the Bible, so called. "Pentateuch". Wed J. Flavius' Antiquities "(II – IV); Philo, Life M." so called. "Rise M." (Apocrypha book of 1 st century.); Lauth, "Moses der Hebraer"; Rawlinson, "Moses, his life and times"; Ebers, "Aegypten ud Bucher Mosis" (1868); A. Lopukhin, "Bibl. History in light of new studies "(t. I); of law M. Michaelis," Mosaisches Recht "; Saalschutz," Mosaisches Recht "; A. Lopukhin, "Law M." (1882), etc.